David & Jennifer Chance and Associates

1990 “The Unbroken Weir.” Chapter 2 in Land of the Quinault, Pauline Capoeman, Jacqueline Storm, Larry Workman, & David Chance, eds., Taholah, Quinault Indian Nation. Contours of the life of the Quinaults and salient events of the 18th and 19th centuries. Explains the Quinault attack on the crew of the Spanish ship Sonora in 1775.

1989 Archaeology of the Hatiuhpuh Village. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance, R. Kirk Steinhorst, S.B. Whitwer, and Elaine Anderson. Walla Walla, Corps of Engineers. 239 pp., 76 illustrations. A village of oval benched houses on the lower Snake River, dated to 4,200 years ago, with deliberately destroyed (‘killed’) milling stones. Further development and testing of the Mean Ratio Distance comparison and clustering of assemblages over the Columbia Plateau. With the collaboration of mathematicians Steinhorst and Whitwer.

— “The Place of Fort Colvile.” A chapter in The Colville Collection, Patrick Graham, ed., Colville, Examiner Press. The historical significance of the Hudson’s Bay Company fort and district headquarters, a resting stop on the first transcontinental trade and post route.

1986 People of the Falls. Kettle Falls Historical Center. 110 pp., 56 illustrations. Illustrated by Jennifer Chance. Placed on the "Washington Reading List" by the Washington Centennial Commission. Describes more than 9,000 years of human history at the falls based on our work that began in 1967.

1985 Kettle Falls, 1978: Further Archaeological Excavations in Lake Roosevelt. University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 84. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance, Richard Casteel, Craig Henry, James McKie, Robert Sappington and Darby Stapp. 387 pp., 110 illustrations. Further delineation of the upper Columbia prehistoric sequence and the description of the Chekwo Aspect of the Sinaikst Period. The periodization is expanded and clarified using some forty-five radiocarbon dates.

— Archaeology at Spalding, 1978 and 1979,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 85. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance, Elaine Anderson, Richard Casteel, Bruce Cochran, and John White. 199 pp., 64 illustrations. The discovery of the early Lapwai component including burned bones of the extinct short-faced bear, Arctodus simus, and other Pleistocene fauna located just above the Glacier Peak tephra (volcanic ash). Also, excavation of houses of the Ineet Village of the first millenium CE with food milling assemblages indicating two-family dwellings.

1981 Sentinel of Silence: A Brief History of Fort Spokane. Commissioned and published by the Pacific Northwest National Parks Association, Seattle. 59 pp., 30 illustrations. Army life at an infantry and cavalry post next to large reservations on the northern edge of the Columbia Plateau, 1880-98.

1980 “Historical Center Can Be a Reality.” Columbia River Times. Serialized. Promotes the establishment of a visitor center.

1979 “Kettle Falls 1977: Archaeology in and beside Lake Roosevelt,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 53. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Appendices by James O’Neill and Craig Henry. 182 pp., 71 illustrations. The discovery of a microblade industry within aeolian deposits on a high terrace overlooking the falls. Introduction of the Mean Ratio Distance method for the multivariate comparison of assemblages from Kettle Falls.

1978 A review of Stanley South’s Method and Theory in Historical Archaeology (Academic Press), in Historical Archaeology 11.

1977 “Kettle Falls 1972: Excavations in Lake Roosevelt,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 31. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance & John Fagan. Appendices by Donald Grayson, Thomas Mulinski, and Glen Rice. 246 pp., 80 illustrations. Discovery and analysis of the first elements of the sequence of human history along the upper Columbia River. Quantitative and stylistic indicators of two long-duration traditions at Kettle Falls over the past nine millenia: the break between the two traditions falls between 4000 and 3000 years ago, at a time of low population density.

— “Kettle Falls 1976: Archaeology in Lake Roosevelt,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 39. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. 241 pp., 98 illustrations. The search for an assemblage at Fort Colvile from the 1820’s. Discovery of three successive blacksmith shops; that from the 1830’s had the most varied assemblage.

1976 Kanaka Village/Vancouver Barracks: 1974. University of Washington Reports in Highway Archaeology 3. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance, Jacqueline Storm and J. S. Addington. 306 pp., 103 illustrations. The first well-stratified, superimposed 19th century assemblages recovered in the Pacific Northwest; the location and partial excavation of the house built by Quartermaster Capt. Rufus Ingalls for himself and his friend, Lt. Ulysses Grant. Presents a method for using window glass for dating, further developed by Karl Roenke.

— “Material History at Vancouver,” Clark County History 17:4-20.

1974 “Exploratory Excavations at Spalding Mission, 1973,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 14. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. 110 pp., 15 illustrations. The excavation of some of the 1838-48 Nez Perce Mission buildings: the mission residence & student dormitory, the first print shop of the Pacific Northwest, school, mills, and irrigation canals of missionaries Henry and Eliza Spalding of the American Board Mission of Boston.

1973 “Influences of the Hudson’s Bay Company on the Native Cultures of the Colvile District.” Northwest Anthropological Research Notes, Memoir 2. 166 pp., maps & charts. Analyzes historical data to demonstrate a symbiotic relationship that changed tribal religion, politics, wealth, population, and social structure, 1785-1870.

— “Balancing the Fur Trade at Fort Colvile,” The Record 34:23-35. Illustrated. The business methods and records of the Hudson’s Bay Company trade.

1972 “Fort Colvile: The Structure of a Hudson’s Bay Company Post, 1825 to 1871, and After,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 4. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 83 pp., 9 illustrations.

1967 “Archaeological Survey of Coulee Dam National Recreation Area,” Washington State University Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigations 42. 87 pp., 6 illustrations. For the National Park Service. Shows the need for drastic revision of the findings made in 1939-41, including a much greater time depth. Diagnostics are strongly affected by the types of stone used to make tools.




Reports and Papers:


1998 “The Puget’s Sound Agricultural Company and the Nineteenth-century Settlement of Western Washington.” 335 pp. & 20 illustrations. Commissioned by the Air Force through the National Park Service. The central role of a subsidiary of the Hudson's Bay Company in opening western Washington to British, Canadian, and white American settlement. How company lands and herds were overwhelmed by Euro-American squatters and homesteaders, and by the Yakima War.

1996 “Archaeological Evaluations at Warren and the South Fork of the Salmon River.” Illustrated by Jennifer Chance. For Milford Engineering Inc. and Midvale Telephone Co. A map and tests of one of the first towns of Idaho; discovery and tests of a fishing & hunting site with 7,000 years of history at the bottom of the South Fork canyon; the second and third components have small pit-houses. A floor of the third held dense deer bone and a grooved maul of coastal type.

1995 “The Fur Trade of the Upper Columbia River, 1792-1871.” 551 pp. Commissioned by the Bonneville Power Administration and the National Park Service. From the first contacts with the Kutenai to the closing of the Fort Colvile District in 1871. How the fur traders were pushed to the margins by the Oregon Treaty of 1846, by subsequent warfare, and then by white settlement.

— “That Distant Murmur: How the Earliest People of Kettle Falls were Discovered.” Paper read to the Friends of the Spokane Public Library. On the Shonitkwu Period assemblages found in the early Holocene gravels on Hayes Island at Kettle Falls.

— “Cabins in Clearings: Homesteading in the Pend Oreille Country of Washington.” Commissioned by the Colville National Forest. 278 pp., 37 illustrations. How settlement was accomplished under several land laws; the immense difficulties faced by the settlers; the role of women in homesteading; the government’s buy-back of homesteads to create national forests.

— “Riddles of a Stagecoach Station and Other Questions at the City of Rocks.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Written for the National Park Service. 127 pp., 85 illustrations. Sorts out the myths and facts of a mountain-pass stage station excavated on the old Kelton Stage Road.

1993 “Quest on a Bald Mountain.” 24 pp. A study of human occupation distribution over central Idaho, with altitude, distance and other correlates to account for occupation density variations over the last eight millenia. Written for the Forest Service. 24 pp.

— “An Ethnographic Review of the Sylvis Trail.” Commissioned by the Plum Creek Timber Co. 58 pp., 34 illustrations. Evidence of ancient trails and sacred activities of the Kalispel Indians along the crest of the Selkirks. Combines surveys, Kalispel informant data, ethnographic notes, and data from the National Archives.

1992 “Archaeology at City of Rocks.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 127 pp., 45 illustrations. Discovery of ceramic, lithic, and structural evidence of the Fremont people at rock shelters; study of the ancient harvesting of pinyon nuts in an earlier open midden. The evidence supports the thesis that pinyon has been growing in northern Utah and southern Idaho for less than 3,000 years.

1991 “An Archaeological Estimate of the Slawntehus Site.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 76 pp., 48 illustrations. Study of a single component from about 7000 years ago recovered from an eroding terrace overlooking the Colville River. A description & illustration of the diagnostics and discussion of the problems of stratigraphy and chronology.

— “Palus History, Residence and Political Leadership, ca. 1855-1940.” Commissioned by the Colville Confederated Tribes as an exhibit for US v Oregon in the U.S. District Court for Oregon. 39 pp. Documents the chieftainship and movements of the Palus people to the Colville Reservation.

— “The Lumber Industry of Washington’s Pend Oreille Valley, 1888-1941.” Commissioned by the Colville National Forest. 359 pp., 68 illustrations. About the Panhandle Lumber, Diamond Match, Ohio Match, and smaller companies, the connections between the homesteaders and lumbering, and the ideology and tactics of the Industrial Workers of the World (Wobblies). Uses transcribed oral histories and publications of the Pend d'Oreille Historical Society, company records, and homestead files.

— “The Archaeological and Historical Reconnaissance of Six Candidate Sites for a Ground Wave Emergency Network Relay Node near Rockford, Idaho.” Report to SRI International and the Air Force. 81 pp., 20 illustrations. Addresses the concept of cultural landscape.” Locates the wagon ruts and footpaths of the northern “Goodale Cutoff” to the Oregon Trail.

1990 “A Review of North-central Oregon History and Historical Archaeology.” Written for the Bureau of Land Management. 66 pp. The research potential of homesteads, ranches, sheep herding, range wars, and mining; literature review and description of the holdings of several county museums.

— Maps and photography of logging camps, dams, and log flumes of the Panhandle Lumber Company and Diamond Match in the LeClerc Basin of the Selkirks, produced for the Forest Service.

— Composite map of the historic buildings at military Fort Spokane, produced for the National Park Service. Based upon surveys and National Archives research.

— “The Archaeological Reconnaissance of the City of Rocks Reserve.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 110 pp., 4 illustrations. Prehistoric and historic sites along the California Trail and its Salt Lake Alternate. Photography and description of the inscriptions by the overland emigrants.

1989 “The Tubaduka and the Kamuduka Shoshoni of the City of Rocks and Surrounding Country.” Commissioned by the National Park Service. Describes the people who lived around the Albion, Goose Creek and Raft River ranges, from historical sources and ethnography. 78 pp.

— “Archaeological Enquiries at Milner, Idaho.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the Idaho Power Company. 100 pp., 34 illustrations. The study and mapping of parts of the main Oregon Trail and its collateral features, and of later gold-mining camps.

— “Investigations into the Archaeological Potential of the Timbered Tracts Owned by the Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho.” Commissioned by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 82 pp., 31 illustrations. Documents Nez Perce agricultural homesteads of the early 20th century.

— “Archaeological Tests in Three Prehistoric Villages at Spalding, Idaho.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance and Norman Bowers. Report to the National Park Service. 73 pp., 8 illustrations. Locates villages of three components at the mouth of Lapwai Creek.

1988 “A Review of the Archaeology of the Nez Perce Country.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance & Elmer Paul. Written for the National Park Service. 141 pp., 20 illustrations. Critiques the archaeology accomplished to date, and suggests new directions.

— “Interpretations of Selected Kalispel Valley Artifacts.” Report to Washington State University, 15 pp. Locates the site of the “Pend Oreille Bay” bateau camp of the HBC on the brigade route between Fort Colvile and Flathead House.

— “A Survey and Interpretation of the Archaeological and Historical Features of the White Bird Battlefield.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 115 pp., 28 maps and illustrations. Fieldwork supports the conclusion that the battle began farther south than usually thought, and that it was more a Nez Perce victory than a blunder of the army. Breastworks and grave sites from the battle were discovered.

1987 “The Nez Perce Place-Names of Elmer Paul.” 23 pp. & four maps. With Elmer Paul and Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. Lists and locates some 400 place-names known to Paul, with etymologies. Clarifies band locations, and supports the existence of dominant villages with satellites. Salish place-names are found in the eastern area, and Waiilatpuan (Cayuse) names occur on the west, suggesting recent Nez Perce expansion.

— “Archaeological Explorations at St. Paul’s Mission.” Senior author, with James Thomson & Jennifer Chance. Commissioned by the National Park Service. 15 pp., 4 illustrations. Confirms the location of the original church.

— “A View of the Slippy Assemblage.” Report of the Bowers Laboratory to the Bureau of Land Management. Description of a Tucannon Phase (ca. 2000 BCE) assemblage next to a spring at about 5000 feet, with a center-polished milling stone.

1986 “Archaeological Tests at Spalding, Idaho.” Report of the Bowers Laboratory to the National Park Service. A second attempt to find the foundations and wheel-pit of the Spalding gristmill.

— “Beyond Theology: the Agricultural and Crafts Instruction of Henry and Eliza Spalding." Paper presented to an NPS seminar at Whitman College on missionary influences in Pacific Northwest history. How the Spaldings stressed agriculture, domestic arts, and literacy, placing themselves at the very beginning of agricultural missions.

1985 “Sources for the History of St. Paul’s Mission of the Society of Jesus at Kettle Falls, Washington.” Commissioned by the National Park Service. 23 pp. of annotated bibliography and descriptions of archival collections to support a monograph.

— “The Excavation of the ‘Root Cellar’ at Fort Spokane.” Senior author, with Jennifer Chance. Report of the Bowers Laboratory to the National Park Service. Shows that the cellar was actually part of an earlier quartermaster warehouse.

— “The Amphibolite Whetstones of the Fishery Site.” A report to the National Park Service. Five glacial erratics used to sharpen fish spears also exhibit cup-marks, an unexplained "artifact" found from northwestern Europe to eastern North America.

1984 The Evolution of Intent at Fort Lawton. Commissioned by the City of Seattle through Geo-Recon International. 110 pp., 12 illustrations. The purposes of this army post changed from serving as a coastal mortar battery to check British and Japanese naval threats, to processing soldiers for the Pacific during World War II.

— “Archaeological Tests of the Blacksmith Shop at Fort Lapwai.” Report to the Dept. of Housing and Urban Development. Horizontal patterning in and around the shop from density contouring shows a preference for the sunny side of the building.

1983 “Who, actually, were the Pioneers of 1880?” Paper read to the "Pioneer Picnic" of the Stevens County Historical Society, Colville. Census information reveals that the majority of the 19th-century homesteaders in the Colville Valley were of Indian or “mixed-race” affiliation.

1982 “Kanaka Village/Vancouver Barracks, 1975,” University of Washington Reports in Highway Archaeology 7. Senior author, with Jennifer Chance, Caroline Carley, Karl Gurcke, Timothy Jones, George Ling, Michael Pfeiffer, Karl Roenke, Jacqueline Storm, Robert Thomas, and Charles Troup. 322 pp., 93 illustrations. Discovery of a small HBC fort beside the Columbia River. Illustration of changes in the detailed cultural and natural stratigraphy of the filled-in Kanaka Village pond. Descriptions of artifact classes, and type sequences of trade beads, clay pipes, glass, etc.

— “The Slawntehus Period.” Paper read to the 35^th annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Burnabay. An expanded definition of the period 5000-8000 BP on the upper Columbia River, the parochialism of assemblages, the weakness of the fisheries, and the discontinuity of such diagnostic artifacts as the microblades.

1981 “The Kootenay Fur Trade and its Establishments: 1795-1871.” Commissioned by the Army Corps of Engineers. 118 pp. The sources indicate there were at least nine fur-trading forts and posts in the northern Rocky Mountains linked to the Kutenai Indians, 1807 to 1871.

— “The Colville Tribe,” and "The Spokane Tribe." Two chapters in A Cultural Resource Overview for the Colville and Idaho Panhandle National Forests and the Bureau of Land Management. L. Hudson, ed., Cultural Resource Consultants, Sandpoint. Vol. 1, pp. 89-131.

1980 “Research Questions and Approaches for the Middle Columbia River Area.” Commissioned by the Corps of Engineers. 48 pp. Evaluates the potential for archaeology above the shores of the John Day pool on the Columbia, and how it might contribute to the large gaps in the sequence at The Dalles.

— “Observations on the Recent Prehistory of Kettle Falls.” Paper read to the 33^rd annual Northwest Anthropological Conference. On the Chekwo assemblages of the Sinaikst Period, the heat treatment of brown into maroon-colored argillite, and the stone-lined hearths.

1978 “A New Variation in Kettle Falls Prehistory.” Paper read to the 31^st annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Pullman. On the Mission Point component with its microblade industry and the indications of physical insecurity.

— “The Influence of the Hudson’s Bay Company in the Kootenai Valley.” In Waters of Wealth: A Seminar on the Kootenai Region of the United States and Canada, Selected Transcripts. Seattle District, Army Corps of Engineers.

— “Archaeological Tests and Excavations at the Agency Office Area, Spalding, Idaho: a Summary of the work of July and August, 1978.” Interim report to the National Park Service. The site of the Nez Perce Agency before and during the Nez Perce War of 1877.

1977 “Influences of the Hudson’s Bay Company on the Kutenai.” Paper read to the Kootenai Seminar, Libby, Montana. On a symbiotic relationship in which firearms traded for furs ensured the survival of the Kutenai in their struggles with the Piegans.

1975 “The Early Horizon at Kettle Falls.” Paper read to the 28^th annual meeting of the Northwest Anthropological Conference, Seattle. The unprecedented Shonitkwu assemblages in the early Holocene gravels on Hayes Island; their Alaskan and Asian affinities.

— “Kanaka Village/Vancouver Barracks and the Objectives of Historical Archaeology." Paper read to the 28^th annual meeting of the Northwest Anthropological Conference, Seattle. A quantitative approach correlated with stratigraphy yields increased contrast between assemblages and components.

1973 "Archival Data on Fur Trade Contacts in the Colvile District of the HBC." Paper read to the annual meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association, Burnaby. The richness of these sources has not been recognized.

1971 "The Hudson's Bay Company's Impact upon the Indians of the Colvile District." Paper read to the 24th annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Moscow. The HBC exerted largely benign influences over many facets of Native life, such as religion, political structure, health, and behavior, contributing to a brief florescence.

1970 “Archaeological Survey of Coulee Dam National Recreation Area: 1970,” University of Idaho Anthropological Reports 2.

1968 “Survey of Antiquities Management on Bureau of Land Management Lands in Oregon.” Commissioned by the BLM. A systematic evaluation of the impact of federal land practices on archaeological sites. Based on observations at spring developments, dams, roads, juniper clearance projects, range fences, timber sales, and other land modifications in the BLM districts of the state.

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